4 in Morse Code: ····−

The number 4 in Morse code is ····−, spoken as "di-di-di-di-DAH": four short, then one long. Like every Morse digit it uses exactly five elements, so once you know the counting rule you can read any number without memorizing it.

Timing: how long each part lasts

Morse timing is built from one unit, the length of a dot. A dash is 3 units, and the silence between the elements of a single character is 1 unit. At 20 words per minute, one unit is 60 ms, so 4 breaks down like this:

Timing of 4 (····−) at 20 words per minute
ElementSignalLength (units)At 20 WPM
Dot·160 ms
Gap(silence)160 ms
Dot·160 ms
Gap(silence)160 ms
Dot·160 ms
Gap(silence)160 ms
Dot·160 ms
Gap(silence)160 ms
Dash3180 ms
Total for 411660 ms

How to signal 4

  • Tap it: four short, then one long. A short is a quick tap; a long is a heavier tap, or a quick tap followed by a slight hold, about three times as long.
  • Blink it: four short, then one long. Use quick blinks for dots and slow, deliberate eye closes for dashes, keeping the rhythm steady.
  • Flash it: four short, then one long. Short flashes for dots; for dashes, hold the light on about three times longer. Any flashlight or phone screen works.

Why the pattern makes sense

Every digit from 0 to 9 is exactly five elements long. For 1 through 5, count the dots at the start: the digit is the dot count, and dashes fill the rest. For 6 through 0, count the dashes: the digit is five plus the dash count (with 0 as five dashes). For 4: Four dots, then one dash.

4 is the letter V with one extra dot at the front, a classic beginner mix-up when copying fast code.